[Ns-developers] GSoc: P2P Projects

[Marcello Caleffi]

Dear Swark,
I'm giving you an overview of the research topic with a copy&paste,  
and as you can see, MP2P (mobile peer-to-peer) systems are related  
both with MANET routing and traditional P2P systems.
 From an operational point of view, the project requires to the  
student the implementation of a MP2P protocol, which means the  
implementation of the routing procedures as well as of the info  
dissemination & discovery functionalities.
All the cited protocols are good candidates for the implementation.  
However, I think that it is more reasonable asking the student to  
implement a protocol which is already available as ns-2 code (often  
the papers give just an overview of all the stuffs needed to make an  
working protocol, and it is very hard to deduce the lacking parts).

More questions and suggestions are ALWAYS welcome :-)

<<
Peer-To-Peer (P2P) and Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) share the same  
key concepts of self-organization and distributing computing, and  
both aim to provide connectivity in a completely decentralized  
environment [1], [2].
Moreover, both lack central entities to which delegate the management  
and the coordination of the network and relay on a time-variant  
topology. In fact, in P2P networks the time variability is due to  
joining/leaving peers, while in MANET ones it is due to both node  
mobility and propagation condition instability.
Despite these similarities, the adoption of the P2P paradigm to  
disseminate and discover information in a MANET scenario rises to new  
and challenging problems [1], [3]. The main issue concerns the layer  
where they operate: P2Ps build and maintain overlay networks at the  
application-layer, assuming the presence of an underlying network  
routing which assures connectivity among nodes, while MANETs focus on  
providing a multi-hop wireless connectivity among nodes.
This issue is a major problem in trying to couple a P2P overlay  
network over a MANET: in [4], [5] it has been proved that simply  
deploying P2P over MANETs may cause poor performances due to the lack  
of cooperation and communication between the two layers, causing so  
significant message overhead and redundancy. For these reasons,  
different cross-layer approaches have been presented and they can be  
classified according to the adopted solution for the resource  
discovery procedure.
More specifically, in unstructured P2Ps, peers are unaware of the  
resources that neighboring peers in the overlay network maintain [6],  
[7]. So, they typically resolve search requests by means of flooding  
techniques and rely on resource replication to improve the lookup  
performance and reliability. Differently, in structured P2P networks  
peers have knowledge about the resources offered by overlay  
neighbors, usually by resorting to the Distributed Hash Table (DHT)  
paradigm and, therefore, the search requests are forwarded by means  
of unicast communications.
Clearly, the scenarios where MANETS operate make unsuitable both  
flooding and replication mechanisms, except for small networks and/or  
high joining/leaving peer rates. In the last years structured P2P  
networks have gained attention: EKTA [8] and DPSR [9] integrate a  
Pastry-like [10] structured P2P protocol with the DSR routing  
algorithm, while CROSSRoad [11] integrates a Pastry-like DHT over the  
OLSR routing algorithm, and VRR [12] proposes a routing algorithm  
which provides indirect routing by resorting to a Pastry-like structure
too. ITR (ATR) [13] shares several similarity with Kademlia [14] and  
MADPastry [15], [16] integrates the Pastry protocol with the AODV  
routing algorithm.

[1] R. Schollmeier, I. Gruber, and M. Finkenzeller, “Routing in  
mobile adhoc and peer-to-peer networks a comparison,” in Revised  
Papers from the NETWORKING 2002 Workshops on Web Engineering and Peer- 
to-Peer Computing. London, UK: Springer-Verlag, 2002, pp. 172–186.
[2] A. Oram, Peer-to-Peer - Harnessing the power of disruptive  
technologies. O´Reillt, 2001.
[3] A. C. Viana, M. D. de Amorim, S. Fdida, and J. F. de Rezende,  
“Selforganization in spontaneous networks: the approach of dht-based  
routing protocols,” Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 589–606,  
September 2005.
[4] G. Ding and B. Bhargava, “Peer-to-peer file-sharing over mobile  
ad hoc networks,” in PERCOMW ’04: Proceedings of the Second IEEE  
Annual Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications  
Workshops. IEEE Computer Society, October 2004, pp. 104–108.
[5] L. B. Oliveira, I. G. Siqueira, and A. A. F. Loureiro, “On the  
performance of ad hoc routing protocols under a peer-to-peer  
application,” Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, vol. 65,  
no. 11, pp. 1337–1347, 2005.
[6] M. Conti, E. Gregori, and G. Turi, “A cross-layer optimization of  
gnutella for mobile ad hoc networks,” in MobiHoc ’05: Proceedings of  
the 6th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and  
computing, 2005, pp. 343–354.
[7] B. Tang, Z. Zhou, A. Kashyap, and T. cker Chiueh, “An integrated  
approach for p2p file sharing on multi-hop wireless networks,” in  
WiMob’2005: IEEE International Conference on Wireless And Mobile  
Computing, Networking And Communications, vol. 3, August 2005, pp.  
268– 274.
[8] H. Pucha, S. M. Das, and Y. C. Hu, “Ekta: an efficient dht  
substrate for distributed applications in mobile ad hoc networks,” in  
WMCSA 2004: Sixth IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and  
Applications, 2004, pp. 163–173.
[9] H. Pucha, S. M. Das, and Y. Hu, “Imposed route reuse in ad hoc  
network routing protocols using structured peer-to-peer overlay  
routing,” IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, vol.  
17, no. 12, pp. 1452–1467, 2006.
[10] A. Rowstron and P. Druschel, “Pastry: Scalable, decentralized  
object location and routing for large-scale peer-to-peer systems,” in  
IFIP/ACM International Conference on Distributed Systems Platforms  
(Middleware), Nov. 2001, pp. 329–350.
[11] F. Delmastro, “From pastry to crossroad: Cross-layer ring  
overlay for ad hoc networks,” in IEEE International Conference on  
Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops, 2005, pp. 60–64.
[12] M. Caesar, M. Castro, E. Nightingale, G. O’Shea, and A.  
Rowstron, “Virtual ring routing: network routing inspired by dhts,”  
in SIGCOMM ’06: Proceedings of the 2006 conference on Applications,  
technologies,
architectures, and protocols for computer communications, 2006, pp.  
351–362.
[13] M. Caleffi, L. Paura "P2P over MANET: Indirect Tree-based  
Routing" Proc. of IEEE PerCom '09: Seventh Annual IEEE International  
Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications, Galveston TX  
(USA), March 9-13 2009.
[14] P. Maymounkov and D. Mazi`eres, “Kademlia: A peer-to-peer  
information system based on the xor metric,” in IPTPS: 1st  
International workshop on Peer-To-Peer Systems, 2002, pp. 53–65.
[15] T. Zahn and J. Schiller, “MADPastry: A DHT Substrate for  
Practicably Sized MANETs,” in Proc. of 5th Workshop on Applications  
and Services in Wireless Networks (ASWN2005), June 2005.
[16] K. Takeshita, M. Sasabe, and H. Nakano, “Mobile p2p networks for  
highly dynamic environments,” in PERCOM ’08: Proceedings of the 2008  
Sixth Annual IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and  
Communications, 2008, pp. 453–457.
 >>



Il giorno 25/mar/09, alle ore 01:52, swark ha scritto:

> Dear Marcello,Joseph,
>     I am very interesting in this project. My current research is  
> focus on P2P streaming area and I am implementing Kademlia on  
> FALPS. Is there any detail requirements for this project besides  
> the brief induction on the http://www.nsnam.org/wiki/index.php/ 
> GSOC2009Projects ?
>     Thank you very much.
>
>
> Regards,
> swark
> swark2006 at gmail.com
> 2009-03-25
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Joseph Kopena
> To: ns-developers,ns-3-users
> Sent: 2009-03-25, 00:28:58
> Subject: [Ns-developers] GSoc: P2P Projects
>
>
>
>> Hi folks,
>>
>> Marcello Caleffi has stepped forward to mentor a project on P2P
>> systems, moving that into our priority project topics along with (in
>> no particular order): Click integration, NSC, emulation, router
>> models, MAC and PHY models.  A project blurb has been added to the
>> ideas page at [1].  Again, we stress that this project would focus on
>> implementing or porting commonly used or cited work, protocols, and
>> implementations.  This is not an opening for a P2P research project,
>> this is an opening to develop a toolset supporting a wide variety of
>> P2P research projects.
>>
>> Thx again to Marcello!
>>
>> [1] http://www.nsnam.org/wiki/index.php/GSOC2009Projects
>>
>> --  
>> - joe kopena
>> right here and now