From braden@ISI.EDU Fri Apr 11 19:29:50 2003 From: braden@ISI.EDU (Bob Braden) Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 11:29:50 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [KP-seed] Summary of your seedling project Message-ID: <200304111829.LAA26378@gra.isi.edu> Folks, Chris asked each KP seedling organization to write a paragraph about what their seedling project is supposed to accomplish. These were to be sent to me, since Chris asked me to build a simple web page containing them. It's performance time... I have received a few writeups, but I have a feeling that some more may have disappeared into the electronic black hole of my file system. I have writeups from Ritu Chadha of Telecordia and from Eitan Fenson of PnP Networks/Rutgers University. If you sent me one that I have not listed, please (1) accept my profound apologies, and (2) retransmit! If you haven't sent any, well, what can I say? Thanks, Bob Braden From jms@cis.upenn.edu Fri Apr 11 20:10:33 2003 From: jms@cis.upenn.edu (Jonathan M. Smith) Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 15:10:33 -0400 Subject: [KP-seed] Summary of your seedling project In-Reply-To: <200304111829.LAA26378@gra.isi.edu> Message-ID: <5.2.0.9.0.20030411150302.02189cf8@central.cis.upenn.edu> Sure - here's a shot at it: Our project is called STARCH - for Software Thinkpoint ARCHitecture. We have a scheme based on a SET of restricted virtual machines which operate at different points inside an operating system. They execute a subset of the DLX instruction set architecture, are sandboxed, and are located at points where we believe that data would be: - collected for dissemination into a knowledge plane - extracted from the knowledge plane for use in actuating The idea is to build something that crosses a lot of logical layers, is cooperative, and is representative of codes and functions one might run in network processors, operating systems, routers, etc. We have a couple of cool applications already running, including an NFS optimized to cut-through layers on a LAN, and automatic deployment of inverse multiplexing code to support multicast. It runs under Linux. -JMS At 11:29 AM 4/11/2003 -0700, Bob Braden wrote: >Folks, > >Chris asked each KP seedling organization to write a paragraph about >what their seedling project is supposed to accomplish. These were to be >sent to me, since Chris asked me to build a simple web page containing >them. It's performance time... > >I have received a few writeups, but I have a feeling that some more may >have disappeared into the electronic black hole of my file system. I >have writeups from Ritu Chadha of Telecordia and from Eitan Fenson of >PnP Networks/Rutgers University. If you sent me one that I have not >listed, please (1) accept my profound apologies, and (2) retransmit! >If you haven't sent any, well, what can I say? > >Thanks, > >Bob Braden > > >_______________________________________________ >Kp-seed mailing list >Kp-seed@mailman.isi.edu >http://mailman.isi.edu/mailman/listinfo/kp-seed From chrisramming@yahoo.com Fri Apr 11 23:37:22 2003 From: chrisramming@yahoo.com (J. Christopher Ramming) Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 15:37:22 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [KP-seed] the upcoming KP working meeting Message-ID: <20030411223722.10069.qmail@web41501.mail.yahoo.com> Folks, We've been working on time and venue for a face-to-face working meeting and have tentatively settled on May 13-14 at MIT. As Dave mentioned, the rough idea of the meeting is to focus on selected applications and hash out some details about possible approaches along with their implications for the KP. Of course there's no reason that this work should not begin at least by email or other media well in advance of the f2f, and some of you are, I know, drafting material that will be posted fairly soon to help ground the discussion and stimulate debate. Because this will be a working technical meeting, and in part because we have a room that comfortably seats only about 20 wired and working people, we'd like to know as soon as possible who will be representing each seedling. If the time and place are unfortunate for whatever reason, please agitate for a change as quickly as possible! Otherwise, please RSVP with the names of the people you expect to attend. Thanks, and best regards, Chris > To kick off this project, we want to have a workshop where we > get to meet each other and share our perspectives on the project. We > have been discussing ways to run this meeting, and here is an > approach we have been thinking about. There are some candidate > "knowledge applications" that we have been using as examples of what > the knowledge plane would be good for: the "why" program--can the > network figure out why it is not working and explain it, and the > configuration problem--can we use high level directives about goals > and constraints to guide low level automated configuration (and then > use these high-level assertions to evaluate the resulting system). So > one approach would be to have some networking folks describe how they > conceive these applications, and have others critique the framing, > and describe how they would frame the specific problems, using the > context of their discipline (e.g. AI/ML). > Logistically, we are looking at the second week in May (12-15) > for a two day meeting. If this does not work for enough people, we > will have to try the last week in May, right after Memorial day. We > don't want to slip into June. From chrisramming@yahoo.com Sat Apr 12 00:00:14 2003 From: chrisramming@yahoo.com (J. Christopher Ramming) Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 16:00:14 -0700 (PDT) Subject: 2 people per project [Re: [KP-seed] the upcoming KP working meeting] In-Reply-To: <20030411223722.10069.qmail@web41501.mail.yahoo.com> Message-ID: <20030411230014.13631.qmail@web41501.mail.yahoo.com> An important thing was omitted from my message --- the character of the meeting (working) and the room size constraint (~20) imply that we expect that no seedling will want/need to be represented with more than two people. If this expectation is incorrect, please Bob and I know right away. --- "J. Christopher Ramming" wrote: > Folks, > > We've been working on time and venue > for a face-to-face working meeting and > have tentatively settled on May 13-14 > at MIT. As Dave mentioned, the rough > idea of the meeting is to focus on > selected applications and hash out > some details about possible approaches > along with their implications for the > KP. > > Of course there's no reason that > this work should not begin at least > by email or other media well > in advance of the f2f, and some of you > are, I know, drafting material > that will be posted fairly soon to help > ground the discussion and stimulate > debate. > > Because this will be a working technical > meeting, and in part because we have a > room that comfortably seats only about > 20 wired and working people, we'd like > to know as soon as possible who will be > representing each seedling. > > If the time and place are unfortunate > for whatever reason, please agitate > for a change as quickly as possible! > Otherwise, please RSVP with the > names of the people you expect to > attend. > > Thanks, and best regards, > > Chris > > > To kick off this project, we want to have a workshop where we > > get to meet each other and share our perspectives on the project. We > > have been discussing ways to run this meeting, and here is an > > approach we have been thinking about. There are some candidate > > "knowledge applications" that we have been using as examples of what > > the knowledge plane would be good for: the "why" program--can the > > network figure out why it is not working and explain it, and the > > configuration problem--can we use high level directives about goals > > and constraints to guide low level automated configuration (and then > > use these high-level assertions to evaluate the resulting system). So > > one approach would be to have some networking folks describe how they > > conceive these applications, and have others critique the framing, > > and describe how they would frame the specific problems, using the > > context of their discipline (e.g. AI/ML). > > Logistically, we are looking at the second week in May (12-15) > > for a two day meeting. If this does not work for enough people, we > > will have to try the last week in May, right after Memorial day. We > > don't want to slip into June. > > _______________________________________________ > Kp-seed mailing list > Kp-seed@mailman.isi.edu > http://mailman.isi.edu/mailman/listinfo/kp-seed From craig@aland.bbn.com Tue Apr 15 13:30:20 2003 From: craig@aland.bbn.com (Craig Partridge) Date: Tue, 15 Apr 2003 08:30:20 -0400 Subject: [KP-seed] [KP] food for thought re: rapid deployment Message-ID: <200304151230.h3FCUKgw006717@aland.bbn.com> Hi folks: As some of you know, one of the applications of the knowledge plane that people have discussed is the rapid deployment problem -- i.e., bringing up a network in a battle area quickly, with less personnel than required now. I found this note interested because it revealed that the rapid deployment isn't static -- you don't just build a network and let it run -- you build it, and then move it along with the troops (notice the discussion of leapfrogging equipment...) That raises issues of context and whether KP information that a box has learned can be retained as it leapfrogs or is discarded (or something in between, etc....) Craig ************ Subject: Q&A with embedded Wired reporter in Kuwait Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 07:38:58 -0400 15 MINUTES WITH JOSHUA DAVIS, Embedded in Iraq for Wired by Jonathan Angel Wired Magazine became the first -- and probably only -- technology magazine to have one of its journalists embedded with the military in Iraq. It will soon publish an article by freelance writer Joshua Davis, covering how the Army is using PCs and networking technology in Iraq. We spoke with Davis by phone from Kuwait City. TM: First, were you embedded just for Wired, or are you writing for other titles as well? JD: It is an exclusive assignment for Wired. It started two or three months ago as an idea that I had to follow the Army's 11th Signal Brigade, which is the unit that basically wires the war. I had made contact with them and been talking to them regularly, so that's where it came from. TM: You've found a lot of off-the-shelf technology, put together in a fashion that sometimes seems jerry-rigged. Was that a disappointment? JD: I'm not so much disappointed as surprised. The things that I've been seeing out in the field are off-the-shelf systems. In one sense that's a good way for them to go. Why would they go through the process of developing special systems to meet their needs when that would take five years? Either you wait five years and get something outdated, or you just go to your local corner store and buy a bunch of Cisco routers and put them up. They decided to do it that way. I don't think it was motivated just by affordability, although that's certainly part of it. What's so interesting is seeing how these guys take systems that were never intended to be used in the conditions in which they're being used and make them work. They're meant to be used in clean rooms or server bays in Silicon Valley, where they're cooled and there's no dust. When I'm out there I'm wiping the dust off of my face watching these guys vacuum servers out in the field. You'll see a whole rack of Cisco routers in the middle of the desert in a tent. They have what they call data packages, which is a black box that contains a number of servers. Those servers are encased in foam when they travel. It's been fascinating to see how these things work. Once they get somewhere they'll take them out of the foam and put them into a rack. TM: How are the servers connected into a network over multiple sites? JD: The system leapfrogs itself. They'll go to the furthest edge of the network, which is the edge of the battlefield, and they'll set up things up. As the battlefield moves forward, systems are brought from the rear to become the new point man. Connectivity between sites is via a giant web of wireless connections that stretch to the border. It's not until the signal reaches the border that it is transmitted via satellite to Camp Doha, which is the forward command center, and to Centcom, which is in Qatar. Then it goes to the Department of Defense back in the States. TM: Are you at liberty to discuss the wireless technology? That aspect can't be off-the-shelf civilian stuff. JD: No, it's Army design stuff. They can consult data on the move via Army-developed wireless devices that have an Ethernet plug. They plug in Panasonic Toughbooks, for example, and are on the military's Siprnet (Secret Internet Protocol Router Network). When the Siprnet is being used in this fashion, out in a battle, they refer to it as the Tactical Internet. In the instance that I saw, the network wasn't super-zippy. It wasn't like my DSL at home, but it does the trick for the way they use it. TM: Would you describe the computer technology as being integral to the military's effort, or are they still really just testing it? JD: I would argue that it has become integral. I'm not sure that they necessarily planned it that way. We could do without cell phones. But could we do the same things? No. And the same holds true for the army. This network gives the Army more choices about how to operate. For example, since two or three weeks before the war started, they started using chat rooms, helping people meet who are specialists in certain aspects -- artillery, for example. As the war started and progressed, they would have conversations in these chat rooms about specific battles. On the fly they adapted these to bring all sorts of new resources to bear. For example, they'd have an analyst back at the DoD looking at the same data they were looking at. It might be an expert on minefields, for instance, who types in "look in Quadrant XY -- there's a minefield." TM: I'm guessing it's going to be a challenge for you writing the article, in that for the readers of Wired, you want to be as specific about technology as you can. Yet you must have seen things you aren't allowed to talk about. JD: I haven't had too much problem with that. I'm traveling with Ed Kashi, a very well-known photographer, and so before Ed and I go into a room, we're warned if there are things we can't take pictures of. From my point of view, that's fine. From Ed's point of view, it's a little more difficult. For me, it doesn't take away from my story not to be able to give secret details such as what frequency they're broadcasting on. I don't care about that at all. That's the type of stuff they're concerned about, so they don't want us taking pictures of wireless transceivers that would give that sort of information. It has been hard to get them to talk about how they're using the technology when they're right in the middle of a battle. They want to tell me and would be happy to tell me, but they can't talk about operational stuff when it's going on. However, I have been able to get them to give me examples from a day or two ago. TM: Are you looking at doing a follow-up story when more can be told openly? JD: What I'm most interested in is writing something about the great almost-story of this war, from a tech point of view. Namely, the deployment of the 4th Infantry Division. This is the Army's "first digitized division," where they went in from the top down and wired them purposefully, as opposed to having each individual unit figure out how to do it themselves. This division was supposed to go through Turkey, and we all know what happened there. Their equipment had to go back through the Suez and come up the Gulf, and was late in being deployed. I was initially going to cover them, but when I realized they weren't going to make it in time, I decided I'd just write about the 11th Signal Brigade. They turned out to get a much more important role in the actual war. TM: The program of embedding journalists in the troops has not been without controversy. As you've been involved with it, have you felt any ethical concerns? JD: Well, there are always ethical concerns with journalism. In this case, I don't see it as being any different than the last story I wrote for Wired, which was about America's fifth-largest tobacco manufacturer, where I was following around these corporate types. People want press, and they hope it's going to be of a certain nature. But that doesn't mean they'll get it. JD: Finally, has your own situation been physically taxing in any way? TM: Well, I've been pretty dirty. I've been wearing the same clothes for five days and not showering or shaving. I do brush my teeth! Jonathan Angel is senior editor for Adweek Magazines' TECHNOLOGY MARKETING. Reach him at jangel@technologymarketing.com . _______________________________________________ Know-plane mailing list Know-plane@mailman.isi.edu http://mailman.isi.edu/mailman/listinfo/know-plane From tgd@cs.orst.edu Tue Apr 15 15:53:57 2003 From: tgd@cs.orst.edu (Thomas G. Dietterich) Date: Tue, 15 Apr 2003 07:53:57 -0700 Subject: [KP-seed] Re: [KP] food for thought re: rapid deployment In-Reply-To: <200304151230.h3FCUKgw006717@aland.bbn.com> (message from Craig Partridge on Tue, 15 Apr 2003 08:30:20 -0400) References: <200304151230.h3FCUKgw006717@aland.bbn.com> Message-ID: <4518-Tue15Apr2003075357-0700-tgd@cs.orst.edu> Does anyone know how much the battlefield network is wired versus wireless? I have been talking to people who do trade shows, and their biggest configuration headache is planning the physical layout, getting the right wire lengths, and doing all the bookkeeping to relate the cable in a display booth to the cable that plugs into the router in the network operations center. This requires detailed maps of the available space, layout of booths, etc., and I doubt the Signal Brigade has such detailed prior information about layout (especially as it must be changing from one location to the next). --Tom -- Thomas G. Dietterich Voice: 541-737-5559 School of Electrical Engineering FAX: 541-737-3014 and Computer Science URL: http://www.cs.orst.edu/~tgd Dearborn Hall 102, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-3102 _______________________________________________ Know-plane mailing list Know-plane@mailman.isi.edu http://mailman.isi.edu/mailman/listinfo/know-plane From chrisramming@yahoo.com Tue Apr 15 17:25:47 2003 From: chrisramming@yahoo.com (J. Christopher Ramming) Date: Tue, 15 Apr 2003 09:25:47 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [KP-seed] Re: [KP] food for thought re: rapid deployment In-Reply-To: <200304151230.h3FCUKgw006717@aland.bbn.com> Message-ID: <20030415162547.89258.qmail@web41511.mail.yahoo.com> Craig, Thanks for posting the article, which adds an interesting twist to the way that learning might be helpful in one context. I ran across something else that's potentially useful. The army maintains a site about "lessons learned" containing, for instance, a post-mortem of the Bosnia experience which has a chapter on "C4ISR" (Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance). I thought the following paragraph about network interoperability was interesting in the sense that learning was (and possibly still is?) being retained in a semi-automated interoperation "handbook": "Based on field tests and exercises involving U.S., NATO, and allied communications systems, EUCOM J6 developed a EUCOM U.S./NATO/Allied Communications Systems Automated Interoperability Handbook. The handbook is on a laptop computer and is used to document known interoperable configurations that work. It provides a wiring diagram of the configuration, technical details, and other relevant information necessary to guide interface implementation in the field. An operator simply enters the configuration to be set up and if it has been accomplished before and documented, the computer provides the details necessary to implement, test, and operate the requested interface arrangement." Presumably if configuration were a K-App, some or all of the activity specified by the handbook would be automated, as would subsequent testing, optimization, reconfiguration -- as Craig points out, these are the ways in which configuration becomes linked to the function of other potential K-Apps such as "Why?" and "Traffic Engineering". Links: Center for Army Lessons Learned (CALL): http://call.army.mil Chapter of a book about Bosnia that focuses on C4ISR (see bottom of page for pointer to very helpful glossary of acronyms): http://call.army.mil/products/spc_prod/ccrp/lessons/bosch11a.htm C4ISR Architecture Framework Document: http://www.c3i.osd.mil/org/cio/i3/AWG_Digital_Library/pdfdocs/fw.pdf --- Craig Partridge wrote: > > Hi folks: > > As some of you know, one of the applications of the knowledge plane that > people have discussed is the rapid deployment problem -- i.e., bringing > up a network in a battle area quickly, with less personnel than required > now. I found this note interested because it revealed that the rapid > deployment isn't static -- you don't just build a network and let it run -- > you build it, and then move it along with the troops (notice the discussion > of leapfrogging equipment...) That raises issues of context and whether > KP information that a box has learned can be retained as it leapfrogs or > is discarded (or something in between, etc....) > > Craig > > ************ > > Subject: Q&A with embedded Wired reporter in Kuwait > Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 07:38:58 -0400 > > 15 MINUTES WITH > > > JOSHUA DAVIS, Embedded in Iraq for Wired > > > by Jonathan Angel > > > Wired Magazine became the first -- and probably only -- technology magazine > to have one of its journalists embedded with the military in Iraq. It will > soon publish an article by freelance writer Joshua Davis, covering how the > Army is using PCs and networking technology in Iraq. We spoke with Davis by > phone from Kuwait City. > TM: First, were you embedded just for Wired, or are you writing for other > titles as well? > > JD: It is an exclusive assignment for Wired. It started two or three months > ago as an idea that I had to follow the Army's 11th Signal Brigade, which is > the unit that basically wires the war. I had made contact with them and been > talking to them regularly, so that's where it came from. > > TM: You've found a lot of off-the-shelf technology, put together in a > fashion that sometimes seems jerry-rigged. Was that a disappointment? > > JD: I'm not so much disappointed as surprised. The things that I've been > seeing out in the field are off-the-shelf systems. In one sense that's a > good way for them to go. Why would they go through the process of developing > special systems to meet their needs when that would take five years? > > Either you wait five years and get something outdated, or you just go to > your local corner store and buy a bunch of Cisco routers and put them up. > They decided to do it that way. I don't think it was motivated just by > affordability, although that's certainly part of it. > > What's so interesting is seeing how these guys take systems that were never > intended to be used in the conditions in which they're being used and make > them work. They're meant to be used in clean rooms or server bays in Silicon > Valley, where they're cooled and there's no dust. When I'm out there I'm > wiping the dust off of my face watching these guys vacuum servers out in the > field. You'll see a whole rack of Cisco routers in the middle of the desert > in a tent. > > They have what they call data packages, which is a black box that contains a > number of servers. Those servers are encased in foam when they travel. It's > been fascinating to see how these things work. Once they get somewhere > they'll take them out of the foam and put them into a rack. > > TM: How are the servers connected into a network over multiple sites? > > JD: The system leapfrogs itself. They'll go to the furthest edge of the > network, which is the edge of the battlefield, and they'll set up things up. > As the battlefield moves forward, systems are brought from the rear to > become the new point man. > > Connectivity between sites is via a giant web of wireless connections that > stretch to the border. It's not until the signal reaches the border that it > is transmitted via satellite to Camp Doha, which is the forward command > center, and to Centcom, which is in Qatar. Then it goes to the Department of > Defense back in the States. > > TM: Are you at liberty to discuss the wireless technology? That aspect can't > be off-the-shelf civilian stuff. > > JD: No, it's Army design stuff. They can consult data on the move via > Army-developed wireless devices that have an Ethernet plug. They plug in > Panasonic Toughbooks, for example, and are on the military's Siprnet (Secret > Internet Protocol Router Network). When the Siprnet is being used in this > fashion, out in a battle, they refer to it as the Tactical Internet. > > In the instance that I saw, the network wasn't super-zippy. It wasn't like > my DSL at home, but it does the trick for the way they use it. > > TM: Would you describe the computer technology as being integral to the > military's effort, or are they still really just testing it? > > JD: I would argue that it has become integral. I'm not sure that they > necessarily planned it that way. We could do without cell phones. But could > we do the same things? No. And the same holds true for the army. > > This network gives the Army more choices about how to operate. For example, > since two or three weeks before the war started, they started using chat > rooms, helping people meet who are specialists in certain aspects -- > artillery, for example. As the war started and progressed, they would have > conversations in these chat rooms about specific battles. > > On the fly they adapted these to bring all sorts of new resources to bear. > For example, they'd have an analyst back at the DoD looking at the same data > they were looking at. It might be an expert on minefields, for instance, who > types in "look in Quadrant XY -- there's a minefield." > > TM: I'm guessing it's going to be a challenge for you writing the article, > in that for the readers of Wired, you want to be as specific about > technology as you can. Yet you must have seen things you aren't allowed to > talk about. > > JD: I haven't had too much problem with that. I'm traveling with Ed Kashi, a > very well-known photographer, and so before Ed and I go into a room, we're > warned if there are things we can't take pictures of. From my point of view, > that's fine. From Ed's point of view, it's a little more difficult. > > For me, it doesn't take away from my story not to be able to give secret > details such as what frequency they're broadcasting on. I don't care about > that at all. That's the type of stuff they're concerned about, so they don't > want us taking pictures of wireless transceivers that would give that sort > of information. > > It has been hard to get them to talk about how they're using the technology > when they're right in the middle of a battle. They want to tell me and would > be happy to tell me, but they can't talk about operational stuff when it's > going on. However, I have been able to get them to give me examples from a > day or two ago. > > TM: Are you looking at doing a follow-up story when more can be told openly? > > JD: What I'm most interested in is writing something about the great > almost-story of this war, from a tech point of view. Namely, the deployment > of the 4th Infantry Division. This is the Army's "first digitized division," > where they went in from the top down and wired them purposefully, as opposed > to having each individual unit figure out how to do it themselves. > > This division was supposed to go through Turkey, and we all know what > happened there. Their equipment had to go back through the Suez and come up > the Gulf, and was late in being deployed. I was initially going to cover > them, but when I realized they weren't going to make it in time, I decided > I'd just write about the 11th Signal Brigade. They turned out to get a much > more important role in the actual war. > > TM: The program of embedding journalists in the troops has not been without > controversy. As you've been involved with it, have you felt any ethical > concerns? > > JD: Well, there are always ethical concerns with journalism. In this case, I > don't see it as being any different than the last story I wrote for Wired, > which was about America's fifth-largest tobacco manufacturer, where I was > following around these corporate types. People want press, and they hope > it's going to be of a certain nature. But that doesn't mean they'll get it. > > JD: Finally, has your own situation been physically taxing in any way? > > TM: Well, I've been pretty dirty. I've been wearing the same clothes for > five days and not showering or shaving. I do brush my teeth! > > > Jonathan Angel is senior editor for Adweek Magazines' TECHNOLOGY MARKETING. > Reach him at jangel@technologymarketing.com . > _______________________________________________ > Know-plane mailing list > Know-plane@mailman.isi.edu > http://mailman.isi.edu/mailman/listinfo/know-plane _______________________________________________ Know-plane mailing list Know-plane@mailman.isi.edu http://mailman.isi.edu/mailman/listinfo/know-plane From jms@central.cis.upenn.edu Tue Apr 15 18:26:40 2003 From: jms@central.cis.upenn.edu (Jonathan M. Smith) Date: Tue, 15 Apr 2003 13:26:40 EDT Subject: [KP-seed] Re: [KP] food for thought re: rapid deployment In-Reply-To: Your message of "Tue, 15 Apr 2003 07:53:57 PDT." <4518-Tue15Apr2003075357-0700-tgd@cs.orst.edu> Message-ID: <200304151726.h3FHQeUp002458@central.cis.upenn.edu> I'd be interested if I am wrong, but it's almost certainly wired (maybe even fibered?) in camps and wireless intervehicular/infantry/mobile. -JMS > Does anyone know how much the battlefield network is wired versus > wireless? I have been talking to people who do trade shows, and their > biggest configuration headache is planning the physical layout, getting > the right wire lengths, and doing all the bookkeeping to relate the > cable in a display booth to the cable that plugs into the router in the > network operations center. This requires detailed maps of the available > space, layout of booths, etc., and I doubt the Signal Brigade has such > detailed prior information about layout (especially as it must be > changing from one location to the next). > > --Tom > > -- > Thomas G. Dietterich Voice: 541-737-5559 > School of Electrical Engineering FAX: 541-737-3014 > and Computer Science URL: http://www.cs.orst.edu/~tgd > Dearborn Hall 102, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-3102 > > _______________________________________________ > Know-plane mailing list > Know-plane@mailman.isi.edu > http://mailman.isi.edu/mailman/listinfo/know-plane _______________________________________________ Know-plane mailing list Know-plane@mailman.isi.edu http://mailman.isi.edu/mailman/listinfo/know-plane From van.parunak@altarum.org Tue Apr 15 20:03:19 2003 From: van.parunak@altarum.org (Van Parunak) Date: Tue, 15 Apr 2003 15:03:19 -0400 Subject: [KP-seed] Re: [KP] food for thought re: rapid deployment In-Reply-To: <4518-Tue15Apr2003075357-0700-tgd@cs.orst.edu> References: <200304151230.h3FCUKgw006717@aland.bbn.com> <200304151230.h3FCUKgw006717@aland.bbn.com> Message-ID: <5.2.0.9.2.20030415150216.02968378@204.106.28.96> I passed this question on to one of our retired Colonels here. His response:
Van...there is no cookie cutter solution.  Tactical Operations Centers
(TOCs) are as varied as the commanders that they support.  Also, they
increase in scope and complexity as the level of command increases.  In
general, everything within the TOC is LAN, much with fiber optic.  Lengths
vary from several meters at the battalion level to 50-100 meters at
division level.  These days most Corps TOCs are set inside buildings.
Outside the TOC (TOC to TOC or TOC to units) is wireless.
 At 07:53 AM 4/15/2003 -0700, Thomas G. Dietterich wrote:
Does anyone know how much the battlefield network is wired versus
wireless?  I have been talking to people who do trade shows, and their
biggest configuration headache is planning the physical layout, getting
the right wire lengths, and doing all the bookkeeping to relate the
cable in a display booth to the cable that plugs into the router in the
network operations center.  This requires detailed maps of the available
space, layout of booths, etc., and I doubt the Signal Brigade has such
detailed prior information about layout (especially as it must be
changing from one location to the next).

--Tom

--
Thomas G. Dietterich              Voice: 541-737-5559
School of Electrical Engineering  FAX:   541-737-3014
  and Computer Science            URL:   http://www.cs.orst.edu/~tgd
Dearborn Hall 102, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-3102    

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Dr. H. Van Dyke Parunak, Chief Scientist, Altarum Institute
van.parunak@altarum.org  www.erim.org/~vparunak
v: +1 734 302 4684       f: +1 734 302 4991
Altarum
3520 Green Court, Suite 300
Ann Arbor, MI 48105-1570 _______________________________________________ Know-plane mailing list Know-plane@mailman.isi.edu http://mailman.isi.edu/mailman/listinfo/know-plane From chrisramming@yahoo.com Wed Apr 16 22:19:31 2003 From: chrisramming@yahoo.com (J. Christopher Ramming) Date: Wed, 16 Apr 2003 14:19:31 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [KP-seed] hotel in cambridge for may 13-14 meeting Message-ID: <20030416211931.84963.qmail@web41503.mail.yahoo.com> Hi All. It seems that the Cambridge Marriott is the best combination of location and comfort for our upcoming meeting, and Aileen Born has negotiated an excellent DARPA rate of $149 (far below the $229 "rack rate" and somewhat below the ~$180 per diem in Boston). In order to take advantage of this rate you must make your reservations through Aileen (Aborn@Schafercorp-ballston.com, telephone number 703-526-1784) by the the end of the week (Aileen, if I misunderstood that deadline please respond to the list with a correction). OTOH, If you know already that you will be making other arrangements (staying with relatives, friends, or some other favorite spot) please let us know so we can estimate the likelyhood of missing the 15 room minimum this contract would require (no need to respond to the whole list, just me and Aileen and Bob). Thanks, Chris From braden@ISI.EDU Wed Apr 16 23:05:26 2003 From: braden@ISI.EDU (Bob Braden) Date: Wed, 16 Apr 2003 15:05:26 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [KP-seed] Attendance at MIT -- so far Message-ID: <200304162205.PAA28472@gra.isi.edu> Yes Chris Ramming chrisramming@yahoo.com Yes Dave Clark MIT ddc@lcs.mit.edu Yes Bob Braden, ISI braden@isi.edu Yes Ritu Chadha, Telcordia chadha@research.telcordia.com Yes Tom Dietterich, Oregon State tgd@cs.orst.edu Yes Ted Faber, ISI faber@isi.edu Yes Pat Langley, Stanford langley@csli.stanford.edu Yes Dekai Li, UPenn dekai@cis.upenn.edu Yes Francisco Martin, Oregon State fmartin@cs.orst.edu Yes Jennifer Rexford, AT&T Research rex@research.att.com Yes Bikash Sabata bsabata@iet.com Yes Jonathan Smith, UPenn jms@cis.upenn.edu From arens@ISI.EDU Wed Apr 16 06:22:37 2003 From: arens@ISI.EDU (Yigal Arens) Date: Tue, 15 Apr 2003 22:22:37 -0700 Subject: [KP-seed] [KP] Re: ARDA's New BAA called P2INGS In-Reply-To: <7B7C37072FBDFC4FAE6F6B86025A47E3649373@bigmail.ncsc.mil> Message-ID: <6FC0A512-6FCB-11D7-9B79-000A956D514C@isi.edu> On Monday, April 14, 2003, at 04:38 AM, Davis, John C wrote: > http://www.eps.gov/spg/USAF/AFMC/AFRLRRS/Reference-Number-BAA-03-10- > IFKA/listing.html > > ARDA's latest BAA called P2INGS. Please pass this information to > anyone you > think will be interested. Just in case you haven't seen this. -- Yigal _______________________________________________ Know-plane mailing list Know-plane@mailman.isi.edu http://mailman.isi.edu/mailman/listinfo/know-plane From braden@ISI.EDU Mon Apr 21 17:20:36 2003 From: braden@ISI.EDU (Bob Braden) Date: Mon, 21 Apr 2003 09:20:36 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [KP-seed] KP seed project descriptions Message-ID: <200304211620.JAA29855@gra.isi.edu> Dear Seedlings, At Chris Ramming's request, I pasted together all of your project summary paragraphs into a web page: http://www.isi.edu/kp-seed As you can see, this summary page contains contact information, which is intended to facilitate seedling-seedling interaction (C). If you want to amend your writeup, send me the amended text. You may want to maintain your own expanded web page containing more detailed information. If you send me a URL to that site, I will put a link to it in your entry on the summary page. There was some discussion about whether this summary page should be password protected; for the present we decided not to. It does have the ROBOTS NOINDEX meta tag, so it should not be Googlabled. Please let me and/or Chris know if you have a strong feeling about password protection. Bob Braden From chrisramming@yahoo.com Wed Apr 23 23:43:06 2003 From: chrisramming@yahoo.com (J. Christopher Ramming) Date: Wed, 23 Apr 2003 15:43:06 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [KP-seed] FWD: status on Cambridge Marriott may 13/14 In-Reply-To: Message-ID: <20030423224306.52254.qmail@web41504.mail.yahoo.com> Dear All, If anyone else wishes to reserve at the Marriott please let Aileen know. Thx much, Chris --- "Born, Aileen" wrote: > Chris, > > We signed the contract with the Marriott on Friday. Everyone needs to call > me to make reservations. Can you send out a tickler to everyone to email me > their reservation information by Friday (deadline)? Unfortunately, I only > have 8 reservations as of today. > > I'm still working our conference but if you need to reach me, I'm at > 240-606-8067. Let me know if you have any questions. > > Aileen From bsabata@iet.com Sat Apr 26 17:43:36 2003 From: bsabata@iet.com (Bikash Sabata) Date: Sat, 26 Apr 2003 09:43:36 -0700 Subject: [KP-seed] A paper and a question Message-ID: <3EAAB738.6010409@iet.com> During discussions with Chris, I mentioned to him that I had written an extended abstract recently about research issues in applying statistical models and pattern recognition to system performance management and he suggested that I send it to this mailing list as others may be interested in the topic. Although the paper is not related to networking but there may be common research issues when we are dealing with the KP. Now as advertised in the subject line -- time for the question. As everyone realizes, in the KP the measurement and monitoring architecture will be very important. I am exploring the questions related to measurements in the KP -- starting with the basic ones What, When, Why, and Where? In relation to this objective I am looking for help in understanding the sensor technology in the networks. What kind of probes exist? What do they measure? Where do they measure? How are they configured? etc? Thanks Bikash -- *Bikash Sabata Principal Scientist* v sabata@iet.com /Information Extraction & Transport, Inc. 1911 N. Fort Myer Drive v Suite 600 Arlington, Virginia 22209 v USA/ /*www.iet.com* / From bsabata@iet.com Sat Apr 26 17:45:49 2003 From: bsabata@iet.com (Bikash Sabata) Date: Sat, 26 Apr 2003 09:45:49 -0700 Subject: [KP-seed] Oops -- paper attached Message-ID: <3EAAB7BD.6070600@iet.com> This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------000801070005040803040303 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sorry hit the send button too soon. bikash -- --------------000801070005040803040303 Content-Type: application/postscript; name="modelAppl.ps" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline; filename="modelAppl.ps" %!PS-Adobe-2.0 %%Creator: dvips(k) 5.90a Copyright 2002 Radical Eye Software %%Title: modelAppl.dvi %%CreationDate: Fri Apr 11 12:16:43 2003 %%Pages: 6 %%PageOrder: Ascend %%BoundingBox: 0 0 612 792 %%DocumentFonts: Helvetica-Bold Helvetica Times-Bold CMR9 CMR6 CMTI9 %%+ CMMI9 CMBX9 CMMI6 CMSY9 CMEX10 CMSY6 CMBX7 %%EndComments %DVIPSWebPage: (www.radicaleye.com) %DVIPSCommandLine: dvips -t letter modelAppl -o modelAppl.ps %DVIPSParameters: dpi=600, compressed %DVIPSSource: TeX output 2003.04.11:1216 %%BeginProcSet: texc.pro %! 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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 cleartomark %%EndFont %%BeginFont: CMSY6 %!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMSY6 1.0 %%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 15 07:21:34 % Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.0) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMSY6) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Medium) readonly def /ItalicAngle -14.035 def /isFixedPitch false def end readonly def /FontName /CMSY6 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 3 /asteriskmath put readonly def /FontBBox{-4 -948 1329 786}readonly def /UniqueID 5000816 def currentdict end currentfile eexec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cleartomark %%EndFont %%BeginFont: CMEX10 %!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMEX10 1.00 %%CreationDate: 1992 Jul 23 21:22:48 % Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.00) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMEX10) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Medium) readonly def /ItalicAngle 0 def /isFixedPitch false def end readonly def /FontName /CMEX10 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 80 /summationtext put dup 81 /producttext put dup 88 /summationdisplay put readonly def /FontBBox{-24 -2960 1454 772}readonly def /UniqueID 5000774 def currentdict end currentfile eexec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cleartomark %%EndFont %%BeginFont: CMSY9 %!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMSY9 1.0 %%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 15 07:22:27 % Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.0) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMSY9) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Medium) readonly def /ItalicAngle -14.035 def /isFixedPitch false def end readonly def /FontName /CMSY9 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 0 /minus put dup 1 /periodcentered put dup 2 /multiply put dup 15 /bullet put dup 20 /lessequal put dup 66 /B put dup 67 /C put dup 76 /L put dup 83 /S put dup 102 /braceleft put dup 103 /braceright put dup 104 /angbracketleft put dup 105 /angbracketright put dup 106 /bar put readonly def /FontBBox{-30 -958 1146 777}readonly def /UniqueID 5000819 def currentdict end currentfile eexec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cleartomark %%EndFont %%BeginFont: CMMI6 %!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMMI6 1.100 %%CreationDate: 1996 Jul 23 07:53:52 % Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.100) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMMI6) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Medium) readonly def /ItalicAngle -14.04 def /isFixedPitch false def end readonly def /FontName /CMMI6 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 59 /comma put dup 66 /B put dup 76 /L put dup 78 /N put dup 82 /R put dup 99 /c put dup 101 /e put dup 105 /i put dup 106 /j put dup 108 /l put dup 111 /o put dup 114 /r put dup 116 /t put dup 120 /x put dup 121 /y put readonly def /FontBBox{11 -250 1241 750}readonly def /UniqueID 5087381 def currentdict end currentfile eexec D9D66F633B846A97B686A97E45A3D0AA0529731C99A784CCBE85B4993B2EEBDE 3B12D472B7CF54651EF21185116A69AB1096ED4BAD2F646635E019B6417CC77B 532F85D811C70D1429A19A5307EF63EB5C5E02C89FC6C20F6D9D89E7D91FE470 B72BEFDA23F5DF76BE05AF4CE93137A219ED8A04A9D7D6FDF37E6B7FCDE0D90B 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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 cleartomark %%EndFont %%BeginFont: CMBX9 %!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMBX9 1.0 %%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:36:25 % Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.0) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMBX9) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Bold) readonly def /ItalicAngle 0 def /isFixedPitch false def end readonly def /FontName /CMBX9 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 11 /ff put dup 40 /parenleft put dup 41 /parenright put dup 45 /hyphen put dup 46 /period put dup 47 /slash put dup 49 /one put dup 50 /two put dup 58 /colon put dup 65 /A put dup 66 /B put dup 67 /C put dup 68 /D put dup 69 /E put dup 70 /F put dup 73 /I put dup 75 /K put dup 77 /M put dup 78 /N put dup 79 /O put dup 81 /Q put dup 82 /R put dup 83 /S put dup 84 /T put dup 85 /U put dup 97 /a put dup 99 /c put dup 100 /d put dup 101 /e put dup 102 /f put dup 103 /g put dup 104 /h put dup 105 /i put dup 107 /k put dup 108 /l put dup 109 /m put dup 110 /n put dup 111 /o put dup 112 /p put dup 114 /r put dup 115 /s put dup 116 /t put dup 117 /u put dup 118 /v put dup 119 /w put dup 121 /y put readonly def /FontBBox{-58 -250 1195 750}readonly def /UniqueID 5000767 def currentdict end currentfile eexec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All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.100) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMMI9) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Medium) readonly def /ItalicAngle -14.04 def /isFixedPitch false def end readonly def /FontName /CMMI9 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 12 /beta put dup 15 /epsilon1 put dup 27 /sigma put dup 58 /period put dup 59 /comma put dup 60 /less put dup 62 /greater put dup 79 /O put dup 80 /P put dup 82 /R put dup 97 /a put dup 99 /c put dup 101 /e put dup 102 /f put dup 103 /g put dup 105 /i put dup 108 /l put dup 109 /m put dup 110 /n put dup 111 /o put dup 112 /p put dup 114 /r put dup 115 /s put dup 116 /t put dup 117 /u put dup 118 /v put dup 119 /w put dup 120 /x put dup 121 /y put dup 126 /vector put readonly def /FontBBox{-29 -250 1075 750}readonly def /UniqueID 5087384 def currentdict end currentfile eexec 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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 cleartomark %%EndFont %%BeginFont: CMTI9 %!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTI9 1.0 %%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 18 21:08:07 % Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.0) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMTI9) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Medium) readonly def /ItalicAngle -14.04 def /isFixedPitch false def end readonly def /FontName /CMTI9 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 12 /fi put dup 45 /hyphen put dup 46 /period put dup 47 /slash put dup 58 /colon put dup 63 /question put dup 65 /A put dup 66 /B put dup 67 /C put dup 69 /E put dup 73 /I put dup 74 /J put dup 76 /L put dup 77 /M put dup 78 /N put dup 79 /O put dup 80 /P put dup 82 /R put dup 83 /S put dup 85 /U put dup 87 /W put dup 88 /X put dup 97 /a put dup 98 /b put dup 99 /c put dup 100 /d put dup 101 /e put dup 102 /f put dup 103 /g put dup 104 /h put dup 105 /i put dup 106 /j put dup 107 /k put dup 108 /l put dup 109 /m put dup 110 /n put dup 111 /o put dup 112 /p put dup 114 /r put dup 115 /s put dup 116 /t put dup 117 /u put dup 118 /v put dup 119 /w put dup 121 /y put dup 122 /z put readonly def /FontBBox{-35 -250 1148 750}readonly def /UniqueID 5000827 def currentdict end currentfile eexec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All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.0) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMR6) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Medium) readonly def /ItalicAngle 0 def /isFixedPitch false def end readonly def /FontName /CMR6 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 48 /zero put dup 49 /one put dup 50 /two put readonly def /FontBBox{-20 -250 1193 750}readonly def /UniqueID 5000789 def currentdict end currentfile eexec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cleartomark %%EndFont %%BeginFont: CMR9 %!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR9 1.0 %%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:39:59 % Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.0) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMR9) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Medium) readonly def /ItalicAngle 0 def /isFixedPitch false def end readonly def /FontName /CMR9 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 11 /ff put dup 12 /fi put dup 13 /fl put dup 14 /ffi put dup 15 /ffl put dup 34 /quotedblright put dup 37 /percent put dup 38 /ampersand put dup 39 /quoteright put dup 40 /parenleft put dup 41 /parenright put dup 43 /plus put dup 44 /comma put dup 45 /hyphen put dup 46 /period put dup 47 /slash put dup 48 /zero put dup 49 /one put dup 50 /two put dup 51 /three put dup 52 /four put dup 53 /five put dup 54 /six put dup 55 /seven put dup 56 /eight put dup 57 /nine put dup 58 /colon put dup 59 /semicolon put dup 61 /equal put dup 63 /question put dup 65 /A put dup 66 /B put dup 67 /C put dup 68 /D put dup 69 /E put dup 70 /F put dup 71 /G put dup 72 /H put dup 73 /I put dup 74 /J put dup 75 /K put dup 76 /L put dup 77 /M put dup 78 /N put dup 79 /O put dup 80 /P put dup 81 /Q put dup 82 /R put dup 83 /S put dup 84 /T put dup 85 /U put dup 86 /V put dup 87 /W put dup 89 /Y put dup 91 /bracketleft put dup 92 /quotedblleft put dup 93 /bracketright put dup 97 /a put dup 98 /b put dup 99 /c put dup 100 /d put dup 101 /e put dup 102 /f put dup 103 /g put dup 104 /h put dup 105 /i put dup 106 /j put dup 107 /k put dup 108 /l put dup 109 /m put dup 110 /n put dup 111 /o put dup 112 /p put dup 113 /q put dup 114 /r put dup 115 /s put dup 116 /t put dup 117 /u put dup 118 /v put dup 119 /w put dup 120 /x put dup 121 /y put dup 122 /z put dup 123 /endash put readonly def /FontBBox{-39 -250 1036 750}readonly def /UniqueID 5000792 def currentdict end currentfile eexec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: 0.24 -0.24 +S GDIBWPatternDict ` Width Height E nonzero_dsnap +S/GDIBWPatternMx matrix currentmatrix readonly d ; ;}if}b %%EndResource %%BeginResource: file Pscript_Win_GdiObject_L2 5.0 0 /GDIBWPatternDict 25 dict @ `/PatternType 1 d/PaintType 1 d/RepsV 1 d/RepsH 1 d /BBox[0 0 RepsH 1]d/TilingType 1 d/XStep 1 d/YStep 1 d/Height 8 RepsV mul d /Width 8 d/mx[Width 0 0 Height neg 0 Height]d/FGnd null d/BGnd null d /SetBGndFGnd{BGnd null ne{BGnd aload ! scol BBox aload ! 2 ^ sub ~ 3 ^ sub ~ rf}if FGnd null ne{FGnd aload ! scol}if}b/PaintProc{` SetBGndFGnd RepsH{Width Height F mx PaintData imagemask Width 0 +}repeat E}b E d/mp/makepattern , d /build_pattern{CTMsave GDIBWPatternMx setmatrix/nupangle where{! nupangle -90 eq{nupangle R}if}if GDIBWPatternDict @ ` Width Height ne{Width Height gt{Width Height V 1}{1 Height Width V}? +S}if xOrg yOrg E matrix + mp CTMrestore}b/hbf {setpattern}b/hf{:/fEOFill ~ d ~ ! setpattern fEOFill{O}{L}? ;}b/pbf{: ! /fEOFill ~ d GDIBWPatternDict `/yOrg ~ d/xOrg ~ d/PaintData ~ d/OutputBPP ~ d /Height ~ d/Width ~ d/PaintType 1 d/PatternType 1 d/TilingType 1 d/BBox[0 0 Width Height]d/XStep Width d/YStep Height d/mx xOrg yOrg matrix + d 20 dict @ ` /ImageType 1 d/Width Width d/Height Height d/ImageMatrix[1 0 0 1 0 0]d /BitsPerComponent 8 d OutputBPP 24 eq{/Decode[0 1 0 1 0 1]d}{OutputBPP 8 eq{ /Decode[0 1]d}{/Decode[0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1]d}?}?/DataSource{PaintData}d E/ImageDict ~ d/PaintProc{` ImageDict image E}b & mx makepattern setpattern E fEOFill{O}{L} ? ;}b/mask_pbf{:/fEOFill ~ d 20 dict `/yOrg ~ d/xOrg ~ d/PaintData ~ d/Height ~ d/Width ~ d/PatternType 1 d/PaintType 2 d/TilingType 1 d/BBox[0 0 Width Height] d/XStep Width d/YStep Height d/mx xOrg yOrg matrix + d/PaintProc{` Width Height T[1 0 0 1 0 0]{PaintData}imagemask E}b & mx makepattern setpattern E fEOFill{O} {L}? ;}b %%EndResource end reinitialize : N 472 0 5188 3396 rp C 1 1 1 1 scol L ; 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What kind of probes exist? What do > they measure? Where do they measure? How are they configured? etc? Here's an operator-centric viewpoint... In AT&T's commercial IP backbone, we collect a variety of usage, routing, and performance data to aid in running the network. We use the data to construct a domain-wide view of the topology, routing configuration, and offered traffic, in order to predict the effects of operator changes to the network. We also use the data to detect and diagnose problems (DoS attacks, congestion, hijacked routes, configuration mistakes, etc.) as they arise. The following URLs http://www.research.att.com/~jrex/papers/ieeecomm00.ps http://www.research.att.com/~jrex/papers/sfi.ps http://ipnetwork.bgtmo.ip.att.net/ give an overview, though the first paper is admittedly a bit dated. Some of the measurements are static snapshots (e.g., periodic dumps of configuration files or routing tables) and some are inherently streams (e.g., packet/flow traces, routing update messages, etc.). -- Jen Usage - link utilization via SNMP * Pro: ubiquitous, standardized, available on every link, useful for inferring the traffic matrix * Con: very coarse grain in time (e.g., five-minute averages), very coarse grain in space (e.g., no per-application breakdown of traffic) - flow-level traces via Netflow * Pro: medium granularity, implemented directly in interface cards, useful for measuring the traffic matrix * Con: high volume of data (high overhead to collect), slows down some routers, hard to tune/control, not available on every link - packet-level traces via packet monitors * Pro: finest level of detail (IP, TCP/UDP, and even application headers) * Con: expensive and hard to collect at high speed, only feasible to collect on selected links, requires tapping the link Routing/topology - router configuration files * Pro: detailed view of topology, routing policies, etc. * Con: doesn't show up/down status, config commands are very low level - BGP routing tables * Pro: full view of all routes including alternate routes * Con: expensive to dump frequently from the routers, don't capture changes - OSPF route monitor * Pro: continuous view of topology and OSPF configuration changes * Con: large volume of data, only capture intradomain links - BGP route monitor * Pro: continuous view of interdomain route advertisements * Con: only shows current "best routes", requires connections to many routers in the operational network Performance - active probes * Pro: show delay/loss/throughput between points in the network * Con: introduces traffic on the network, requires machines in many locations to source/sink traffic From chrisramming@yahoo.com Tue Apr 29 17:52:11 2003 From: chrisramming@yahoo.com (J. Christopher Ramming) Date: Tue, 29 Apr 2003 09:52:11 -0700 (PDT) Subject: [KP-seed] A paper and a question In-Reply-To: <3EAAB738.6010409@iet.com> Message-ID: <20030429165211.71590.qmail@web41510.mail.yahoo.com> Bikash, This is a thought-provoking paper, and the characteristics of the problem you're addressing are definitely present in KP settings. In particular, the SLO (service level objective) perspective correspond to a general KP insight that networking researchers and operators should enlarge their perspective of what constitutes the network "to match the intuition of the user", and we see some of the complexity involved in doing so. The topic of model induction is also clearly central to the topic of learning and reasoning in the KP. Some things weren't clear to me in my first pass: (1) To what extent is/was the model induction in your framework automatic (as opposed to involving human interaction and judgement) (2) How much of the model induction is done "on-line", and to what extent is model adaption present? (2) What degrees of freedom are present in the induction process (going toward the question of how portable this approach is to other settings). If a new feature related to performance is discovered, how easy is it to incorporate into the model? I was struck yet again by the power of framing questions as classification problems (in this case, as a binary classification problem). The list of research topics is also very relevant. Thanks for posting this, and thanks also for thinking about the implications (in terms of requirements) that this work would present for a generalized sensor infrastructure in the KP. Chris --- Bikash Sabata wrote: > During discussions with Chris, I mentioned to him that I had written an > extended abstract recently about research issues in applying statistical > models and pattern recognition to system performance management and he > suggested that I send it to this mailing list as others may be > interested in the topic. Although the paper is not related to networking > but there may be common research issues when we are dealing with the KP. > Now as advertised in the subject line -- time for the question. As > everyone realizes, in the KP the measurement and monitoring architecture > will be very important. I am exploring the questions related to > measurements in the KP -- starting with the basic ones > What, When, Why, and Where? > In relation to this objective I am looking for help in understanding the > sensor technology in the networks. What kind of probes exist? What do > they measure? Where do they measure? How are they configured? etc? > > Thanks > Bikash > > -- > *Bikash Sabata > Principal Scientist* v sabata@iet.com > /Information Extraction & Transport, Inc. > 1911 N. Fort Myer Drive v Suite 600 > Arlington, Virginia 22209 v USA/ > /*www.iet.com* / > > > _______________________________________________ > Kp-seed mailing list > Kp-seed@mailman.isi.edu > http://mailman.isi.edu/mailman/listinfo/kp-seed